Forage School in Preston speaks to grower concerns
The University of Idaho Extension Hay and Forage School, held in Preston, Idaho on March 5, brought together producers and experts to discuss the economic outlook, storage practices, and various challenges facing the hay and forage industry in southeastern Idaho and neighboring northern Utah. The event highlighted how closely tied local agriculture is to broader regional and global forces, while also emphasizing practical, on-the-ground management decisions. As a component of the forage school, Oneida County’s Extension Educator Sawyer Fonnesbeck presented initial results of a study he has conducted over the last two years on hay storage.
Reed Finlay opened with an economic outlook, noting that hay prices have been under pressure due to factors like strong U.S. currency, trade disruptions, and excess supply. These challenges are felt acutely in Idaho and Utah, where hay production—especially alfalfa—supports the region’s large dairy industry. As Finlay put it, “as goes milk, so goes hay,” underscoring the tight connection between forage producers and dairy operations common throughout the Intermountain West. While production is down about 7% and stocks are being drawn down, he suggested prices may be stabilizing. However, uncertainty remains, particularly with drought concerns and shifting weather patterns reminiscent of past dry cycles in the region.
Hay’s importance to Idaho’s economy was reinforced by Sawyer Fonnesbeck, who noted that when accounting for on-farm use, hay is one of the state’s most valuable crops. His research into storage methods has direct implications for producers in Idaho and Utah, where outdoor storage is common due to climate and infrastructure constraints. A two-year study comparing uncovered, tarped, and barn-stored hay showed that exposure significantly reduces dry matter and the aesthetic qualities, though mineral content remains relatively stable. These findings are especially relevant for local producers balancing cost and quality, as weather variability in the region can accelerate spoilage. Although the differences in resulting quality were not as pronounced as one might initially suspect, there was a noted positive correlation in hay that was better stored. Research into exactly what variables effect the nutrient qualities, and to what extent, is the next task. Fonnesbeck expressed the desire to expand the scope of the study, which as far as those in attendance were aware, is the first of its kind.
Additional presentations focused on improving forage quality and managing risks. Pramod Acharya emphasized proper sampling and understanding nutrient content, while Joseph Sagers discussed disease management. In southeastern Idaho and northern Utah, where irrigation and soil conditions vary widely, diseases like Phytophthora root rot and Aphanomyces can significantly impact yields. Sagers stressed the importance of resistant varieties and good field management, noting that many issues are often misdiagnosed.
Weed control and harvesting practices were also key topics. Tom Jacobsen highlighted the importance of starting with clean fields and using resistant alfalfa varieties, a strategy widely used in the region. Meanwhile, Scott Wangsgard discussed cutting timing, moisture management, and equipment adjustments. In Idaho and Utah’s dry climate, achieving proper drying conditions can take longer than in more humid regions, making timing and technique critical for maintaining hay quality.
Overall, the conference emphasized that while external factors like markets and weather are unpredictable, producers in Idaho and Utah can remain profitable through careful management, informed decision-making, and adaptation to local conditions.
